Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/26263 
Year of Publication: 
2008
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 2218
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
This study is the first to explore long-run trends of numeracy for the 1820-1949 period in 165 countries, and its contribution to growth. Estimates of the long-run numeracy development of most countries in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, America, and Europe are presented, using age-heaping techniques. Assessing the determinants of numeracy, we find school enrolment as well as Chinese instruments of number learning to have been particularly important. We also study the contribution of numeracy as measured by the age-heaping strategy for long-run economic growth. In a variety of specifications, numeracy mattered quite strongly for growth patterns around the globe.
Subjects: 
human capital
age heaping
growth
industrial revolution
numeracy
JEL: 
I21
N01
N30
O15
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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