Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/25948 
Year of Publication: 
2007
Series/Report no.: 
CESifo Working Paper No. 1903
Publisher: 
Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo), Munich
Abstract: 
Scandinavian countries are often portrayed in policy debates as model examples having shown how to square concerns for efficiency and equity. The core principle of the Scandinavian welfare model is an individual entitlement to public sector provisions combined with collective financing via taxes. However, a high employment rate is needed to ensure financial viability of this model. The Scandinavian model faces several challenges which affect the possibilities of maintaining a high employment ratio, namely, demographic changes, a growth dilemma and globalization. This paper discusses how these challenges affect the need and scope for reforms of the Scandinavian welfare model.
JEL: 
H1
E62
F22
P1
Document Type: 
Working Paper
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