Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/104753 
Year of Publication: 
2014
Series/Report no.: 
WTO Staff Working Paper No. ERSD-2014-08
Publisher: 
World Trade Organization (WTO), Geneva
Abstract: 
A second approach focuses on the relationships existing between the variables themselves, using multi-criteria and graph analysis. Natural resources endowments, on the one hand, and services orientation, on the other one, are among the most determinant variables for defining Trade in Value Added (TiVA) clusters. The level of economic development remains a crucial determinant of the TiVA profile as is the size of the economy, even if not as important as initially expected. Pro-active GVC up-grading strategies, such as investments in ICT and R&D tend to foster a higher foreign content in exports, compensating the lower domestic margin by higher volumes. Inward-oriented protectionist policies are not particularly successful in exporting higher share of domestic content, except in services exports; but in this case, export volumes remain marginal.
Subjects: 
trade in value-added
global value chains
trade policy
input-output analysis
effective protection rate
exploratory data analysis
JEL: 
D57
F13
F14
F15
F23
O19
O24
Persistent Identifier of the first edition: 
Document Type: 
Working Paper

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