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    <title>EconStor Collection: Working Papers, Institute for Labour Market Policy Evaluation (IFAU)</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/45699</link>
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      <title>The effect of own and spousal parental leave on earnings</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/45782</link>
      <description>Title: The effect of own and spousal parental leave on earnings
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Johansson, Elly-Ann
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: This paper investigates the effect of parental leave - both own and spousal - on subsequent earnings using different sources of variation. Using fixed-effect models, and in line with previous results, parental leave is found to decrease each parent's future earnings. Also spousal leave is important, but only for mothers. In fact, each month the father stays on parental leave has a larger positive effect on maternal earnings than a similar reduction in the mother's own leave. Using two reforms of the parental leave system as exogenous sources of variation yields only imprecisely estimated effects, even though the reforms had a strong effect on parental leave usage. However, the point estimates tentatively suggest effects in the same range or larger than the fixed-effects model found. - Parental leave ; gender equality ; earnings</description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Oct 2009 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Welfare reform: The US experience</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/45781</link>
      <description>Title: Welfare reform: The US experience
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Moffitt, Robert
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: The reform of the cash-based welfare program for single mothers in the US which occurred in the 1990s was the most important since its inception in 1935. The reforms imposed credible and enforceable work requirements into the program for the first time, as well as establishing time limits on lifetime receipt. Research on the effects of the reform have shown it to have reduced the program caseload and governmental expenditures on the program. In addition, the reform has had generally positive average effects on employment, earnings, and income, and generally negative effects on poverty rates, although the gains are not evenly distributed across groups. A fraction of the affected group appears to have been made worse off by the reform.</description>
      <pubDate>Mon, 29 Oct 2007 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Experimental evidence from intensified placement efforts among unemployed in Sweden</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/45780</link>
      <description>Title: Experimental evidence from intensified placement efforts among unemployed in Sweden
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Hägglund, Pathric
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: This paper uses experimental data to study the effects of participation in intensified placement efforts on subsequent job chances and earnings. Five small-scale experiments were performed in four different regions of Sweden in 2004 and the control groups were offered the PES regular services. Due to small samples, many of the impact estimates were imprecise and insignificant. However, the services generally reduced unemploy-ment among the treated. I find significantly enhanced exits to either jobs or other acti-vities (or both) in four of the experiments. Three of the experiments also report positive effects on employment probability and earnings in the years following the programme. Finally, combining job-search assistance and monitoring of job search generated signifi-cantly better results than monitoring alone in one of the experiment locations.</description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Oct 2008 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>The role early-life conditions in the cognitive decline due to adverse events later in life</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/45779</link>
      <description>Title: The role early-life conditions in the cognitive decline due to adverse events later in life
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: van den Berg, Gerard J.; Deeg, Dorly J. H.; Lindeboom, Maarten; Portrait, France
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Serious life events, such as the loss or the onset of a chronic condition may influence cognitive functioning. We examine whether the cognitive impact of such events is stronger if conditions very early in life were adverse, using Dutch lnogitudinal data of older persons. We exploit exogenous variation in early-life conditions as generated by the business.</description>
      <pubDate>Thu, 29 Oct 2009 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
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