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    <title>EconStor Community: Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Humboldt-Universität Berlin</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/133</link>
    <description>Department of Agricultural Economics and Social Sciences, Humboldt University Berlin</description>
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      <title>Institutional options for sustainable irrigation : an evidence from Bulgaria</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/22302</link>
      <description>Title: Institutional options for sustainable irrigation : an evidence from Bulgaria
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Penov, Ivan
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: This paper investigates a local problem of common pool resources (CPR), the solution of which needs a balance between the collective and private interests. In the political context we have a large group of actors with a short planning horizon and a lack of trust among them. CPR provision is organised in a centralised way. The state enforcement mechanism is weak and cannot protect the individuals or eventually back the collective decisions. The above problem is investigated in the case of irrigation in Bulgaria where water usage declined by nearly 85% during the period of transition. In addition, large parts of the existing canal systems were abandoned. Three groups of institutional options are investigated in the paper: improvement of the local level co-ordination; limiting the market imperfections, and strengthening the external conflict resolution and sanctioning mechanisms. The investigation of the above case led the author to conclusions that can be generalised for the case of CPR management during the period of transition. The transition process is not just a process of transferring western institutions to Eastern Europe, but also a process of spontaneous emerging of new institutions at local level. Therefore, we call for state intervention, not in the area of CPR provision, but in supporting local co-ordination.</description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Oct 2003 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Institutional options for the conservation of biodiversity : evidence from the Czech Republic</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/22301</link>
      <description>Title: Institutional options for the conservation of biodiversity : evidence from the Czech Republic
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Ratinger, Tomás; Krumalová, Veronika; Prazan, Jaroslav
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: The paper focuses on changes in property rights and policies regarding interactions between agriculture and nature in the Czech Republic. In the first part the recent situation is reviewed. The institutional and organisational features and their development during the transition and recent years are illustrated by the case study on the White Carpathian protected landscape area. The key issue in conservation in the White Carpathians (as in the number of other marginal areas) is to maintain grassland management at large scale. While environmental policy lacks measures for maintaining grassland management, respective incentives were launched in the frame of agricultural policy, although they do not sufficiently consider environmental concerns. There are two other problem areas hampering efficient organisation of conservation: uncompleted land reform and little involvement of local population in determining conservation priorities. In the second part, the paper examines three policy options for enhancing sustainability of landscape and biodiversity on farmland. The proposed policy options each reflect the identified problems in the White Carpathian case study.</description>
      <pubDate>Wed, 29 Oct 2003 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
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    <item>
      <title>Agriculture and protection of landscape area of the White Carpathians</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/22300</link>
      <description>Title: Agriculture and protection of landscape area of the White Carpathians
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Krumalová, Veronika; Bäckman, Stefan
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: The protected landscape area of the White Carpathians in Czech Republic is confronted with several threats. The protection of the landscape involves instituted policies and restrictions on production. Due to the approaching EU accession and the possible subsequent institutional changes, there is an increased demand for knowledge on production opportunities and threats. In addition there are immediate concerns on the relation between agricultural production and the environment. One major concern is the abandonment of agricultural land. In this article the combination of production elements and protection is described. Factor analyses are used to identify groups of farms with similarities in production structure and organisation. The results of the factor analysis are compared to typology achieved by interviews. Some important elements with policy and research implications are derived.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Oct 2002 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>A breach of tradition during socialism : the case of water syndicates in Bulgaria</title>
      <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/22298</link>
      <description>Title: A breach of tradition during socialism : the case of water syndicates in Bulgaria
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Theesfeld, Insa; Boevski, Ivan
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: During the post-socialist transition period, the Bulgarian irrigation facilities deteriorated to a large extent and no longer meet the needs of the new landowner and agricultural production structure. The Bulgarian government therefore enacted two new laws to encourage collective action and to establish water user associations in order to achieve sustainable water management. In this article, we will question the frequent argument that water user associations could easily be established in Bulgaria, because they are rooted in the water syndicates. Empirical findings from village case studies reveal that limited collective memory exists today about former water syndicates? rules-in-use and patterns of action. We will explain this breach of tradition by the migration from villages to cities, the suppression of precommunist so-called capitalist behaviour, and the length of the communist period. Moreover, the analysis of the historical cooperative development in Bulgaria shows that the water syndicates were enforced by a top-down approach and did not have much in common with the classic cooperative principles.</description>
      <pubDate>Tue, 29 Oct 2002 22:58:59 GMT</pubDate>
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