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    <title>EconStor Collection: Proceedings of the German Development Economics Conference, 2006 (Berlin)</title>
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    <title>Credit for what? Informal credit as a coping strategy of market women in northern Ghana</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/19856</link>
    <description>Title: Credit for what? Informal credit as a coping strategy of market women in northern Ghana
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Schindler, Kati
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: This paper analyzes the use of informal credit as a coping strategy against risk by market women in the city of Tamale, Ghana. Using qualitative research techniques, the analysis reveals that intra-household structure and allocation decisions determine these market-based coping strategies. Market women invest a considerable amount of working hours in maintaining complex credit networks as a safeguard against extreme risks. As a policy implication, this research suggests to provide market women with access to formal, reliable and long-term microfinance institutions, both to improve their ability to cope with risks and to reduce the risks they face.</description>
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  <item rdf:about="http://hdl.handle.net/10419/19854">
    <title>The Pathways out of Poverty in Rural Indonesia: an empirical assessment</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/19854</link>
    <description>Title: The Pathways out of Poverty in Rural Indonesia: an empirical assessment
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Timmer, Peter; Weisbrod, Julian; McCulloch, Neil
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Since most poor live in rural areas, primarily engaged in low productivity farm activity, the pathway out of poverty must be strongly connected to productivity increases, whether they are realised in farming, rural non-farm enterprises or via urban migration. By utilizing the IFLS panel dataset for 1993 and 2000 from Indonesia, this paper shows, using empirical techniques, which pathways out of poverty were most successful in Indonesia?s past. Our findings suggest that the increased engagement of rural farmers in rural non-farm enterprises is a key way to alleviate rural poverty.</description>
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    <title>Diffusion of information among small-scale farmers in Senegal: the concept of Farmer Field Schools</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/19855</link>
    <description>Title: Diffusion of information among small-scale farmers in Senegal: the concept of Farmer Field Schools
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Pemsl, Diemuth E.; Waibel, Hermann; Witt, Rudolf
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: Recent research on the Farmer Field School (FFS) approach in agriculture in developing countries has raised some doubts on the economic impacts of this concept and especially the knowledge diffusion effects from trained to non-trained farmers. Based on a study in Senegal this paper hypothesizes that the question of the project placement strategy is vital when analyzing knowledge diffusion effects of FFS in Africa. Results show that the share of trained farmers in a community is a decisive factor for adoption behavior and knowledge diffusion. It is concluded that when introducing an FFS, a critical mass of trained farmers is important to attain effective dissemination of information and to generate positive stimuli for adoption and learning among non-participants.</description>
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    <title>Creating National Poverty Profiles and Growth Incidence Curves with Incomplete Income or Consumption Expenditure Data: An Application to Bolivia</title>
    <link>http://hdl.handle.net/10419/19851</link>
    <description>Title: Creating National Poverty Profiles and Growth Incidence Curves with Incomplete Income or Consumption Expenditure Data: An Application to Bolivia
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Authors: Spatz, Julius; Klasen, Stephan; Grosse, Melanie
&lt;br/&gt;
&lt;br/&gt;Abstract: In many developing countries, there does not exist a time series of nationally representative household budget or income surveys, while there often are surveys of regions as well as nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) which lack information on incomes. This makes an analysis of trends and determinants of poverty and inequality impossible. This is also the situation in Bolivia where there exist urban household surveys and nationally representative DHS since 1989, while nationally representative household income surveys only exist since 1997. In this paper, we adjust a technique developed for poverty mapping exercises to link urban household income surveys with DHS data to generate a time series of household income data from 1989 to 2002. Our technique performs well on validation tests, is superior to imputing incomes from assets in the DHS, and is able to generate new information on poverty and inequality in Bolivia.</description>
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