EconStor Collection:
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/132
2024-03-18T16:06:08ZHow to measure a performance of a Collaborative Research Centre
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/191793
Title: How to measure a performance of a Collaborative Research Centre
Authors: Zharova, Alona; Tellinger-Rice, Janine; Härdle, Wolfgang Karl
Abstract: New Public Management helps universities and research institutions to perform in a highly competitive research environment. Evaluating publicly financed research results improves transparency, helps in reflection and self-assessment, and provides information for strategic decision making. In this paper we provide empirical evidence using data from a Collaborative Research Centre (CRC) on financial inputs and research output from 2005 to 2016. After selecting performance indicators suitable for a CRC, we describe main properties of the data using visualization techniques. To study the relationship between the dimensions of research performance, we use a time fixed effects panel data model and fixed effects Poisson model. With the help of year dummy variables, we show how the pattern of research productivity changed over time after controlling for staff and travel costs. The joint depiction of the time fixed effects and the research project's life cycle allows a better understanding of the development of the number of discussion papers over time.2018-01-01T00:00:00ZTail event driven networks of SIFIs
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/162505
Title: Tail event driven networks of SIFIs
Authors: Chen, Cathy Yi-Hsuan; Härdle, Wolfgang Karl; Okhrin, Yarema
Abstract: The interdependence, dynamics and riskiness of financial institutions are the key features frequently tackled in financial econometrics. We propose a Tail Event driven Network Quantile Regression (TENQR) model which addresses these three aspects. More precisely, our framework captures the risk propagation and dynamics in terms of a quantile (or expectile) autoregression involving network effects quantified through an adjacency matrix. To reflect the nature and risk content of systemic risk, the construction of the adjacency matrix is suggested to include tail event covariates. The model is evaluated using the SIFIs (systemically important financial institutions) identified by the Financial Stability Board (FSB) as main players in the global financial system. The risk decomposition analysis of it identifies the systemic importance of SIFIs and thus provides measures for the required level of additional loss absorbency. It is discovered that the network effect, as a function of the tail probability, becomes more profound in stress situations and brings the various impacts to the SIFIs located in different geographic regions.2017-01-01T00:00:00ZSocial Security Contributions and the Business Cycle
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/169208
Title: Social Security Contributions and the Business Cycle
Authors: Almosova, Anna; Burda, Michael C.; Voigts, Simon
Abstract: This paper examines magnitudes and business cycle dynamics of social security contributions (SSC). In most OECD countries studied, we document a negative covariation of payroll tax burdens with GDP and GDP growth at business cycle and lower frequencies. We assess the overall magnitude of the distortion following Barro and Redlick (2011). For most countries, average marginal SSC tax rates exceed average rates, but the latter tracks the former tightly. Changes in average payroll tax burdens are mostly accounted for by changes in tax schedules rather than shifts in the earnings distribution over time. For many countries, SSC rates behave like estimated values of the 'labor wedge' (Chari et al. 2007, Brinca et al., 2016).2017-01-01T00:00:00ZDas deutsche Arbeitsmarktwunder: Eine Bilanz
http://hdl.handle.net/10419/169212
Title: Das deutsche Arbeitsmarktwunder: Eine Bilanz
Authors: Burda, Michael C.; Seele, Stefanie
Abstract: Dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt ging es noch nie seit der Wiedervereinigung so gut wie heute. Die nachhaltige Entwicklung seit 2005 ist auf zwei entscheidende Treiber zurückzuführen: die Umverteilung eines beinahe gleichbleibenden Arbeitsstundenvolumens auf mehr Beschäftigte und die massive Ausweitung der Teilzeitarbeit. Die Lohnzurückhaltung der Tarifparteien war dabei eine notwendige, jedoch nicht hinreichende Bedingung für diesen Erfolg. Die Kovarianz von Lohn und Erwerbsindikatoren deutet darauf hin, dass die Arbeitsmarktreformen der sogenannten Agenda 2010 die erwerbsfähige Bevölkerung ab 2005 zur Teilnahme am Arbeitsmarkt aktiviert haben. Insbesondere die Reform der Arbeitslosenunterstützung hat die Ausweitung des Arbeitsangebots im unteren Lohnsegment ermöglicht und bewerkstelligt, dass die sozialversicherungspflichtige Teil- und Vollzeitarbeit zunahm. Ein Rückbau der Reformen könnte diesen Erfolg gefährden.2017-01-01T00:00:00Z