EconStor Community: Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research, University of Goettingen
https://hdl.handle.net/10419/116
Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research, University of Goettingen2024-03-24T15:42:12ZSweet child o'mine: The impact of mining on educational and labor market outputs in Colombia
https://hdl.handle.net/10419/284360
Title: Sweet child o'mine: The impact of mining on educational and labor market outputs in Colombia
Authors: Herrera Prada, Luis Omar
Abstract: This paper examines the effects of mineral extraction on human capital formation in Colombia, a country rich in natural resources but struggling with low college attendance, high youth unemployment, and high informality in the labor market. Leveraging the allocation of natural resources as a quasi-experimental setting, we link administrative data for 5.5 million secondary school graduates from 2002 to 2014 with information on legal mines in 2014 based on the distances from their respective schools. Employing Instrumental Variables and a Differences-in-Differences approach, we identify treated individuals as graduates from secondary schools located closest to operational mines at the time of their graduation. The findings indicate that active mines positively influence school cohort sizes, student academic performance, and enrollment in higher education. However, they also negatively impact entry into the formal labor market, particularly for roles associated with extractive industries. Substantial heterogeneity exists in the outcomes associated with the various extracted products, leading to the identification of distinct categories: "good mines" and "bad mines."2024-01-01T00:00:00ZTeoría de la disuasión y la policía municipal en México
https://hdl.handle.net/10419/274595
Title: Teoría de la disuasión y la policía municipal en México
Authors: Cortez, Willy W.2023-01-01T00:00:00ZAsylum migration to OECD countries: What are the motives and drivers of asylum migration and how strong are they?
https://hdl.handle.net/10419/249332
Title: Asylum migration to OECD countries: What are the motives and drivers of asylum migration and how strong are they?
Authors: Nowak-Lehmann D., Felicitas; Cardozo, Adriana R.; Martínez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada; Frohnweiler, Sarah
Abstract: In this study we analyse different motives for asylum, focussing on the relative strength of specific asylum reasons and concentrating on origin and destination countries of special relevance. To this end, we build a bilateral asylum migration model, use panel data techniques based on a panel of 131 origin/sending countries and 37 OECD countries over a maximum period of 22 years, and apply the High Density Fixed Effect (HDFE) Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimation technique. Our model includes the economic situation in both sending and receiving countries; political factors in sending countries, such as the political terror scale, civil liberties, government stability, military in politics; institutional factors, such as law & order; personal safety aspects, such as ethnic tensions, external conflict, internal conflict, and religious tensions. We find that economic factors influence asylum claims to a certain extent. Moreover, we identify only deteriorations in civil liberties, internal conflict and ethnic tensions as triggers of increased asylum demand among the personal safety aspects. As to relevant sub-samples of origin countries, a deterioration in civil liberties and an aggravation in ethnic tensions lead to a more than proportionate increase in asylum migration from major asylum seeking countries and a worsening of conflict leads to an extremely strong reaction in asylum requests from refugees of conflict-ridden countries. While these reactions are plausible, they are far less pronounced in the overall sample. As to the question which destination country can be chosen as safe haven, empirical evidence shows that bilateral recognition rates signal bilateral attractiveness in a brutally honest way.2022-01-01T00:00:00ZGender gaps in financial literacy in three Southern Cone countries: Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay
https://hdl.handle.net/10419/251518
Title: Gender gaps in financial literacy in three Southern Cone countries: Argentina, Chile, and Paraguay
Authors: Espinoza-Delgado, José; Silber, Jacques
Abstract: Understanding why women are less financially literate than men is crucial for developing effective policies that decrease gender inequalities and improve women's financial literacy, agency and empowerment. Accordingly, in this paper, we adopt a multidimensional approach to measure financial literacy; rather than focusing solely on financial knowledge, as most empirical work has done, we also take into account what has been referred to in the literature as financial behavior and financial attitude. We analyze financial capability data from Argentina, Chile and Paraguay and consider the answers given to 27 questions covering the three domains mentioned above. We find that there are statistically significant gender differences in these countries, which we confirm through extensive econometric analysis. We also conduct a traditional Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, which indicates that the respective role played by the "explained" and "unexplained" part varies across countries.2022-01-01T00:00:00Z