@techreport{Honkatukia2001Towards,
abstract = {We study the Baltic Sea countries' declaration to reduce nutrient loads by 50% in each country in an ecological-economic model. The model consists of country-based abatement cost functions, and transfer coefficients describing how phosphorus and nitrogen flow from one country to another, as estimated in a hydrological model of the Baltic Sea. We show that for nitrogen in particular the overall abatement costs of the current policy are much higher and that the benefits are more uneven than under a cost-efficient policy. Consequently, one can expect that countries with high marginal abatement costs have the least incentives to follow the agreement and to invest in nitrogen abatement. This is also confirmed by our data. Therefore, we suggest and outline a joint implementation policy to promote cost-efficiency and to increase incentives for investments. \textendash{} nitrogen ; phosphorus ; cost-efficiency ; joint implementation --  -- T\"{a}ss\"{a} tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan ymp\"{a}rist\"{o}taloudellisen (ekologistaloudellisen) mallin avulla It\"{a}meren maiden julistusta v\"{a}hent\"{a}\"{a} ravinnep\"{a}\"{a}st\"{o}j\"{a} 50% kussakin maassa. Malli koostuu maakohtaisista puhdistuskustannusfunktioista ja hydrologisen mallin avulla estimoiduista typen ja fosforin kulkeutumiskertoimista. Tutkimuksessa osoitetaan, ett\"{a} It\"{a}meren maiden omaksuman ymp\"{a}rist\"{o}politiikan kustannukset ovat erityisesti typen osalta merkitt\"{a}v\"{a}sti korkeammat ja suojelun hy\"{o}dyt ep\"{a}tasaisemmin jakautuneet kuin kustannustehokkaassa ymp\"{a}rist\"{o}politiikassa. T\"{a}m\"{a}n vuoksi puhdistuskustannuksiltaan kalliiden maiden kannustimet typpip\"{a}\"{a}st\"{o}jen v\"{a}hent\"{a}mi- seen ovat v\"{a}h\"{a}iset. T\"{a}t\"{a} johtop\"{a}\"{a}t\"{o}st\"{a} tukevat my\"{o}s tiedot toteutuneista ravinnep\"{a}\"{a}st\"{o}st\"{a}. Tutkimuksessa ehdotetaan ja hahmotellaan yhteistoteutusta keinona edist\"{a}\"{a} kustannustehokkuutta ja lis\"{a}t\"{a} kannustimia suojeluinvestointeihin. \textendash{} typpi ; fosfori ; kustannustehokkuus ; yhteistoteutus},
address = {Helsinki},
author = {Juha Honkatukia and Markku Ollikainen},
copyright = {http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen},
keywords = {Q25; Q28; 330; Meeresverschmutzung; Gew\"{a}sserschutz; Ostsee},
language = {eng},
number = {755},
publisher = {The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA)},
title = {Towards efficient pollution control in the Baltic Sea: An anatomy of current failure with suggestions},
type = {ETLA Discussion Papers, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy (ETLA)},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10419/63718},
year = {2001}
}
