@techreport{Staiger2012tariff,
abstract = {In this paper I sketch out the rough contours of the challenge faced by the WTO in dealing with non-tariff measures (NTMs) as seen from the economic theories of trade agreements. The key questions for the WTO - the answers to which largely dictate the choice between shallow and deep approaches to integration  - appear to be two: (1) Is it the terms-of-trade problem or the commitment problem that WTO member governments seek to solve with their WTO membership?; and (2) Is it market clearing or offshoring/bilateral bargaining that is now the most prominent mechanism for the determination of international prices? I suggest that evidence on the first question points to the terms-of-trade theory and hence toward shallow integration, but that answering the second question may be the key to identifying the best way forward on NTMs for the WTO.},
address = {Geneva},
author = {Robert W. Staiger},
copyright = {http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen},
keywords = {D62; F13; F55; H21; H23; 330; terms of trade; commitment; border measures; behind-the-border measures; offshoring; bilateral bargaining; Nichttarif\"{a}re Handelshemmnisse; WTO-Regeln; Terms of Trade; Au\ss{}enwirtschaftstheorie},
language = {eng},
number = {2012-01},
publisher = {World Trade Organization, Economic Research and Statistics Div.},
title = {Non-tariff measures and the WTO},
type = {Staff working paper ERSD},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10419/57619},
year = {2012}
}
