@techreport{Sari2005Developing,
abstract = {The US has repeatedly criticized the lack of ?meaningful participation? of developing
countries in the Kyoto Protocol. I discuss the course of negotiations on developing
country participation between the conferences at Kyoto in 1997 and Marrakech in 2001.
The reluctance of developing countries to enter into discussions on quantitative emissions
targets can be explained by the principle of ?common, but differentiated responsibilities?
enshrined in the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the fact
that both per capita cumulative emissions and per capita income are still much lower in
developing countries than in the industrialized world. Moreover, the Clean Development
Mechanism that generates emissions credits for projects in developing countries
clearly has led to a participation of developing countries in greenhouse gas mitigation.
However, one major problem for the negotiation strategy of developing countries has
been the internal diversity ranging from OPEC countries that actively fight climate policy
to the small island states extremely vulnerable to sea level rise. Especially the rapidly
industrializing countries China, India, Brazil and Indonesia played a key role,
stressing their voluntary activities to reduce energy intensity and subsidies for fossil fuels.
Least developed countries were unable to muster a common voice. Thus, it was not
possible to leverage resources for adaptation to climate change impacts apart from some
voluntary pledges.},
author = {Agus Sari},
copyright = {http://www.econstor.eu/dspace/Nutzungsbedingungen},
keywords = {Q54; Q56; 330; International climate policy; Kyoto Protocol; developing countries; Klimaschutz; Umweltabkommen; Clean Development Mechanism; Entwicklungsl\"{a}nde},
language = {eng},
number = {333},
title = {Developing Country Participation: The Kyoto-Marrakech Politics},
type = {HWWA Discussion Paper},
url = {http://hdl.handle.net/10419/19301},
year = {2005}
}
